How To Grow Your Business

How To Grow Your Business And Increase Sales .

6 Effective Digital Marketing Strategies In the world of digital marketing, some strategies are just more effective than others. As a small business owner, you need to choose a profitable digital marketing tactic to reach your marketing goals. The following tactics are some of the most effective digital marketing strategies available to your business. 1. Search Engine Optimization (SEO) SEO is a leading digital marketing strategy as it offers loads of benefits to small business owners. Anyone wishing to rank on page one of Google will have to get their website optimized for search engines. As mentioned earlier, the internet is where people spend most of their time these days, and Google is a vital part of it. Users in the modern world rely on Google for everything; they become virtually lost without it. When consumers need quick answers to questions, they use Google; when they need to learn more about a product or service, they turn to Google as well. Investing in SEO for your small business might seem like a lot, but it’s of great importance as your business won’t grow without it. Benefits of SEO For Your Small Business • By optimizing your website, you get a position of high visibility on the SERPs • Nothing increases your brand’s awareness like being on the first page of Google for keywords specific to your industry • SEO brings more traffic to your site • SEO helps you build business growth outside your location • An effective SEO strategy puts you ahead of the competition • An SEO-optimized website is more likely to convert visitors to customers. 2. Social Media Marketing (SMM) Social media marketing is a type of digital marketing that comprises activities such as the creation and sharing of relevant content on social media platforms to reach your branding and marketing goals. Social media marketing consists of posting texts, images, and videos on social media platforms to raise brand awareness and ignite engagement with the target audience. Benefits of Social Media Marketing for Your Small Business • Promoting your business on social media helps you improve brand awareness • Increased website traffic as more people learn about your business • More conversions for your business • SMM helps you create a unique brand identity • Impress potential customers • Allows you to build a relationship with existing customers • Boosts organic visibility • SMM also helps you track the marketing tactics used by your competitors • It is cost-effective. 3. Video Marketing In recent years, video content has grown to become one of the most powerful marketing tools. The heavy use of video content in marketing has become a norm in today’s business world. Businesses now realize the power it holds to captivate their audience. Numerous studies have shown that including a video in your content can bring about a 157% increase in organic traffic from search engines. Another study has shown that Google ranks pages with video content higher in the SERPs than those with just texts and images. Benefits of Using Video Marketing for Your Business • Video content helps existing and potential customers trust your brand more • It is an effective tool for boosting your SEO ranking • Video marketing can help you improve consumer engagement • It is excellent for building your brand awareness • Videos help you connect better with your target audience • Videos can help boost your conversion and sales. You can either have a video published on your website or YouTube. It would be best to do both. When posting a video on YouTube, don’t forget to choose a title optimized for search engines, and include a link to your website in the comment section. You must also not forget to create a relevant video thumbnail. 4. Pay-Per-Click (PPC) Pay-Per-Click is another effective digital marketing strategy. It is a digital marketing tactic where business owners pay a specific amount for each click their ad gets. In other words, you buy visits to your site. Businesses can use this method to create publicity on search engines, apps, and social media platforms. Of all the popular PPC methods, over the years, Google AdWords has proven to be the most effective. Google AdWords helps you place your ads on the SERPs, so that your ad shows up amongst other paid and organic search results when a Google user searches for a product or service similar to what you offer. Studies have shown that 64.6% of users click on Google ads when they are looking to purchase an item online. **Benefits of Using PPC For Your Business** • It is known to work well with other marketing strategies • PPC provides you with a wealth of targeting options • PPC lets you measure and track your effort using Google Analytics and Google Ads tool • PPC contributes to your business goals by helping you reach a broad online audience. 5. Cold Email Marketing Most people consider cold email to be less effective than other techniques we discuss here. But is this really true? Cold emailing is widely believed to have the potential to earn businesses conversions and sales when done right. In fact, 89% of marketers say they generate more of their leads from emailing. Benefits of Using Cold Email Marketing for Your Business • With a compelling CTA, cold email marketing can increase the traffic to your website and even lead to conversions • Cold email marketing is easy to track and measure • You can increase brand awareness with cold email marketing • It is super effective, yet affordable • Cold email marketing is a great method for acquiring leads and validating future business ventures. With a successful cold email outreach, businesses can reach hundreds and even thousands of potential customers. There’s a 32% chance that a cold email sent out to a potential customer will get opened. 6. Lead Generation Marketing Lead generation refers to the marketing process of stimulating and attracting a potential customer’s interest in your product or service to build a sales pipeline. In other words, it is the generation of consumer interest in what your business has to offer. The term “lead” refers to a potential customer of your business – someone who’s shown an interest in what your offer. To capture a lead, businesses use lead generation tactics to make users do stuff like complete an online form, sign up for something, or contact them directly. Benefits of Using Lead Generation for Your Business • Lead generation can heavily contribute to the increase in your sales and profits • It helps you better target your desired customers • It is a cost-effective strategy • It contributes to a better ROI for your business. One of the most important keys to a successful business is the generation of sales leads. No lead, no sales. Every business needs leads if they’re to grow. Therefore, generating leads is as important as any other digital marketing strategy. 6. Content Marketing Content marketing is the process of creating and distributing valuable content to build brand awareness and increase conversions. It aims at using the publication and distribution of content to attract business leads, increase website traffic, and ultimately make more sales. Content is indeed king. Whether it’s in the form of a captivating video or a high-quality article, content is everything in digital marketing. No business can do without it. Content marketing is the foundation of SEO, video marketing, and social media marketing. Content marketers employ an array of tools and mediums to reach their marketing goals. They create content like videos, podcasts, articles, infographics, social media, and blogs as a vehicle. Benefits of Using Content Marketing for Your Business • It helps your business drive more conversions • Content marketing helps bring more traffic to your site • Increases your brand awareness • Enables you to build trust with your target audience • Good content can help boost your SEO ranking and online visibility. Content marketing is about having a conversation with your target audience. It’s an effective digital marketing strategy as it helps position you as an authority in your industry, humanizes your brand, and offers business intelligence you can act on to grow your brand. Conclusion Using all or any of the marketing strategies stated here will bring about a massive growth to your business. If you don’t have a digital marketing strategy, it’s essential to set up one today as you could be missing out on an important opportunity to grow your brand, reach more consumers, and increase your sales.

Download No Watermark (Fully Unlocked)

KineMaster Mod APK Download No Watermark (Fully Unlocked)

Download KineMaster patched Mod APK for Android, Cracked with fully unlocked features for all versions without watermark.

Kinemaster Mod is a Fully Unlocked Video Editor App for Android without Watermark. Download KineMaster Mod V5 Apk for Android with all features unlocked and No Watermark. Kinemaster is a very powerful tool for Video editing on Android. Like other Apps for Android, the KineMaster Pro App also has a drawback for its free version. The free KineMaster has the watermark on its project. Also, few of the features on the free KineMaster are not available until to pay a good chunk of money. Kinemaster is developed by NexStreaming Corp.

Kinemaster APK is the Video Editor Android File which helps you create some high-quality video edits which otherwise are only possible on a computer system. It is a free-to-use app but has some feature restrictions which you need to pay for to avail premium offers.

For professionals and amateurs alike, KineMaster Mod APK offers some pro-level of control on the editing process over the mobile. You can do dazzling edits, motions and animations on your Android Smartphones which where prior capable only on big editing tools on PC. Get all the Premium options without Watermark for enhancing the media with this App without paying any penny.

Today in this post I will provide you with a KineMaster APK for your Android with the features fully unlocked and updated. We do not endorse the App nor are we affiliated with it in any form. This post and the download link are for personal use only. Kinemaster is the best mobile alternative to the high-end computer editors. It does all the editing and mixing which you can expect from the computer software.

Note: I am not the developer of the App. I have only hosted the download links from globally available resources.

What is KineMaster Mod?

KineMaster Mod is a full-unlocked professional video editor for Android, supporting multi-layers of video, images, and text with state of the art cutting and trimming, you can have multi-track audio, volume envelope control, 3D transitions, Chroma key, etc without any Watermark.

Features of Mod KineMaster

• Multiple layers of video, images, stickers, text, handwriting video clips
• Frame-by-frame trimming, splicing, and slicing
• No WaterMark
• Support All versions
• Instant preview anytime
• Hue, brightness and saturation controls
• Speed control for video clips
• Fade in/fade out sound (overall)
• Volume envelope (Precise volume control from moment to moment within a clip)
• Transition effects (3D transitions, wipes, fades, and more)
• A variety of themes, animations, and visual and audio effects
• Chroma Key Feature 
• Supports all the video formats.
• Automatically optimize the unsupported videos.
• Share on YouTube, Facebook, Google+, Dropbox and more

KineMaster Pro Mod APK is Safe to Download

The App is not forked or coded but is actually a paid version which is hosted on the site, so there is no means of any 3rd party trackers or malware which could harness your privacy. The file has been scanned using various anti-virus Apps like Shield, Norton, Avast, and AVG. The file is also tested on the emulator and TurstGo Ad Detector App for any malicious nature. And from our test, we can assure you that the App is Safe to Download. To download latest versions click the link below.

Go to Download Page

[Note] -- Other Variants and old versions of the App are available below.

How to Download KineMaster Mod?

Here are the simple steps to download and install KineMaster Mod APK Pro.

1. Enable Unknown Sources.
2. Download the file from the download links available.
3. Locate the file and install the App on your device.
4. Open the App, make all the necessary settings if prompted on the screen. Done! Enjoy KM for free.

Enable Unknown Sources to Install the Mod

1. Go to Settings on your Android device.
2. Here click on the option named Security.
3. Here, under Device administrator look for Unknown Sources.
4. Turn ON the Unkown Sources.

Video Tutorial on Kinemaster Mod APK installation

Watch this simple video guide on downloading and installing the KineMaster Mod APK and also explore the premium features for free.

Go to Download Page

Disable Background Data of Kinemaster Mod (Optional)

The App may not function on some devices based on device configuration and OS if the app has data access in the background. So, I recommend you to restrict the Background data or else Turn Off the mobile data while using the Mod App on all the Variants like V3, V5, V6, V7, and V8.

Step 1. Download and install the Mod Apk.

Step 2. Go to Settings on your device and under Apps/All Apps or Manage Apps look for KM App.

Step 3. Open the App and click on the option named “Data Usage”.

Step 4. Now here enable “Restrict Background Data”. You are done Cheers!!

KineMaster Diamond APK

Kinemaster Diamond is a fully unlocked version of the popular video editor app, the diamond version offers a revamped user interface with Chroma Key Support, Unlimited Layers and more all without any watermark.

• Removed Watermark
• Blue Theme
• Unlocked Premium Assets On Store
• Supports all Kinds of Layers
• Chroma Key Enabled
• Maximum Video Resolution Increased

Download KineMaster Diamond

Download Kinemaster Mod V3 (Unlocked Chroma Key)

»You can even download Kinemaster Mod V3 Apk for Android but make sure to Turn Off Data each time you use the App.

You can use NoRoot Firewall App from Google Play Store to Restrict data.

»Chroma Key gives access to the green screen in the background which can assist in creating cinematic VFX effects. It gives a complete offering and acts as full-fledged computer software.

Download Kinemaster Mod V3 Chrome Key

»You can also download the Unlocked version of the App with Chroma Key and Video Layer features embedded in one. But make sure that you have a high-end smartphone for the Smooth running of the App.

Download KineMaster Unlocked Chroma Key [Link 2]

Kinemaster Lite APK

Kinemaster lite is a lightweight version of KM App. The original App is App and consumes a lot of device resources and battery. If you are running on a low-end Android Device then the KM App may not be able to smoothly run as the Low RAM and Processing Speeds may hamper the performance. Therefore there is also a Mod version with all features unlocked called KineMaster Lite.

The App is a fat cut version of the KM App and has all the major features like No-Watermark, Multi-layer, Choma Key, 3D effects, wipe effects, fade effects etc. You can download the file from the link below. Being lightweight the consumes storage, less RAM, minimum battery and storage space.

Download KineMaster Lite (20MB)

KineMaster Prime APK

Kinemaster prime is a premium supporting substitute of the original KM which is equipped with all the features. The Prime is like the Paid sub-version of the App. You need to first download the KM from play store and then install prime APK to give full access to the original KM App.

Download Kinemaster Prime (20MB)

KineMaster V8 Mod APK

Kinemaster Mod V8 is the most advanced version of MOD with fully unlocked features. Mod 8 hosts all the features including chroma key, multi-layer sound envelope, clipart, trims and cuts. The KM V8 is the latest version and you do not need to pay for this version. The app is similar to the one we get for pay with access to all the unlocked features of the App for free without any watermark.

Download KM Mod V8

KineMaster Lite Chroma Key

KineMaster Lite Prime is a lite variant of the Kinemaster with Chroma Key which lets you edit the images and videos with a green screen. This Chroma key will give you the option to add deep VFX effects to your videos and images. KM Prime Lite is the best addon to be used with KM app. The KM Chroma App needs to be installed along the original KM App so that the addon will be added to the editor App.

KineMaster Chroma Key Prime Mod

How to Install KineMaster Mod on PC?

Though there is no standalone Kinemaster App for PC. But you can install the KM on your Windows and Mac PC. I will tell you how you can install Kinemaster Mod on your system.

Read -- How to Install Kinemaster on PC?

Here are Simple Steps to Download and Install Kinemaster Mod on PC for Windows and Mac.

1. Download Emulator on your PC.
2. Install the Emulator, it will simulate an Android phone.
3. Now get the Kinemaster Mod from the links above.
4. Install KineMaster Mod on the Emulator
5. Open the App make necessary settings if prompted on screen. Done!

You can use KM app on the computer to create great edits.

Go to Download Page

Trouble Shoot Problems on Kinemaster Mod

If you are facing issues with the App then below are few potential solutions to fix all the related problems on your KM Mod App.

Error Exporting On Android

• Update the app to the latest version by going to download page above.
• Don’t use any screen recorder during the process of export, video encoder of screen recorders may cause complication with the KM.
• KM works on hardware video encoder and using any other may cause the process to fail.

Fix “Codec Init Failed Error”

This error may occur due it incorrect detection of device resolution, hardware compatibility and software performance. You can fix this by following steps.

1. Reboot the device.
2. Open KM
3. Tap on the Settings option. (Gear Shaped)
4. Here open Device Capability Information.
5. Tap the menu indicated by 3 dots (…) in the upper-right corner.
6. Choose Hardware Performance Analysis to run the analysis (This may take up to 5 Minutes)
7. Then reboot the device again.

App Unable to Detect the Media in Device Storage

If the App is not able to detect the media then first grant all the permissions to the App. The App may take some time to index the media. Have some patience until the media is indexed by the App. Reboot the device and look for the working of the App.

Fix other Miscellaneous Errors

• Make sure App is granted with all the permissions; Settings → Apps/All Apps → Kinemaster App. Here grant all the permissions to the App.
• Delete any previous version of the App if installed and also delete the storage folder file on your device.
• You can also delete or Clear the Data and Cache of the App.
• Turn OFF Data while using the Mod App. Some features may not work if the App gets access to the internet.
• Have enough internal memory & RAM space otherwise, the phone app may misbehave.
• If the App is unable to index the media then I suggest you clear the cache of the phone in recovery mode. Google search to find how you can do that for your device.

Download the latest versions of the KM Mod from the link button below.

Go to Download Page

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. Can Kinemaster Be Used on PC?

There is not] standalone KM app for PC but you can try an Android emulator on your Windows and Mac PC to run the Kinemaster app for free and create your edits.

Estimated Cost of Building A 4 Bedroom Duplex in Nigeria (UPDATED)

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Estimated Cost of Building A 4 Bedroom Duplex in Nigeria 2020(UPDATED)

View pictures in App save up to 80% data.

This article emphasizes the cost of building a duplex in Nigeria. The essence of the article is to give clients insights on costs associated with construction.

So you can be well inform on building a house.

Most times, the property owner hardly knows anything going on with his/her structure other than coming to inspect its progress.

Only a few articles exist on the subject topic and rarely have details. On this article, you would get full details on the cost of building a duplex in Nigeria. 

Furthermore, you should also note that the cost calculated herein, is unique to the site used for this evaluation.

Each property possesses unique characteristics ranging from;

• Location of the property.
• Cost of building materials around the site location.
• Quality of building materials.
• Charges of professionals as it varies.

All these factors affect the cost of building a duplex in Nigeria.

The basis of this article follows the same trail with the Cost of Building a 3 Bedroom Bungalow in Nigeria that I posted earlier. 

This involves getting Documents Required For Land Purchase in Nigeria. 

Also before the construction processes, are steps needed to be taken in Building a House in Nigeria. These steps involve architects and related building engineers.

Moving forward, it may cost you more or less when building your own duplex in Nigeria as a result of the various factors listed above.

However, below is the estimated cost for a standard 4 bedroom duplex in Nigeria.

The breakdown involves the cost of the actual construction. It doesn’t include mechanical or electrical requirements, finishes and the preliminaries to the construction.

Table of Contents

• Cost of Building a Duplex in Nigeria
• Cost of Foundation
• Material Requirements for Setting-out with profiles
• Material Requirements for Digging / Excavation
• Material Requirements for Earthwork Support For Strip Foundation
• Material Requirements for Anti termite treatment of wood
• Material Requirements for Damp Proof Membrane
• Material Requirements for Concrete work / Blinding
• Material Requirements for Concrete Columns Footing (Foundation Footing)
• Material Requirements for Concrete Columns Base
• Material Requirements for Concrete Columns in Foundation
• Material Requirements for Laying Foundation Blocks
• Material Requirements for Earthwork / Backfilling
• Material Requirements for Ground Floor Slab
• Cost of Construction From Damp Proof Course (D.P.C) To Lintel Level
• Material Requirements for Columns (Ground floor to the First Floor)
• Material Requirements for Beams (Ground floor to the First Floor)
• Material Requirements and Labour for Blockwork (Ground Floor to the First Floor)
• Material Requirement for Lintel Casting
• Cost of First Floor Decking Stage
• Cost of Staircase Stage
• Cost of Roofing Duplex Stage
• Material Requirements for Roofing
• Cost of Finishing Stage
• Material Requirements for Tiling works (Ground – First floor)
• Material Requirements for Floor Screeding (Ground – First floor)
• Material Requirements for Wall Plastering (Ground – First floor)
• Material Requirements for Wall Tiling (Ground – First floor)
• Material Requirements for Screeded Backing (Ground – First floor)
• Material Requirements for Ceiling Works (First floor)
• Material Requirements for Painting (All floors)

Cost of Building a Duplex in Nigeria

Before you start to dig the earth, make sure you have all the required APPROVED documents for the construction process, viz a viz:

• Architectural drawings.
• Structural drawings.
• Mechanical drawings.
• Electrical drawings.

Some people go-ahead to break earth without some of these drawings and hope everything turns out fine. That is a wrong mentality. Please follow the right process. It helps you plan all the way.

In calculating the cost of building a duplex in Nigeria, it is advisable to breakdown the construction process into stages.

This is the norm and is actually helpful in planning your progress. For a duplex, the construction stages can be split into the following:

• Foundation.
• DPC to lintel level/ground floor Stage.
• First floor/decking stage.
• Staircase Stage.
• First-floor lintel stage.
• Roofing Stage.
• Plastering / Finishing Stage.

Cost of Foundation

This is the first stage of construction and it includes setting out, digging, concrete work, block laying, backfilling and flooring as the processes in this stage. Furthermore, the cost of this stage differs with respect to the soil condition.

Material Requirements for Setting-out with profiles

• Site clearance = NGN 22,830
• Materials for setting out = NGN 36,764.92
• Labour = NGN 68,277.72

Estimated cost of setting-out = NGN 127,872.64

Material Requirements for Digging / Excavation

• Labour = NGN 71,300

Estimated cost of digging = NGN 71,300.

Material Requirements for Earthwork Support For Strip Foundation

• 48 nos length – 1″ x 12” x 3.60m long plank @ NGN 1,200.00 each = NGN 57,600.00
• 27 nos length – 4″ x 4” x 3.60m for struting @ NGN 750.00 each = NGN 20,250.00
• 11 nos length – 2″ x 2” x 3.60m for bracing @ NGN 300.00 each = NGN 3,300.00
• Nail various Sizes (3″, 4″ & 5″ Sizes) – 1 bag @ NGN 6,750.00
• Labour for fixing Earthwork support – NGN 24,500.00

The estimated cost of Earthwork support = NGN 112,400.

Material Requirements for Anti termite treatment of wood

Some clients see this on a bill and always say they do not see the need. However, it is a necessity as regards formwork in construction.

• 8 nos – 4 litre gallon @ NGN 3,650 each = NGN 29,200.00

Estimated cost of Anti Termite treatment = NGN 29,200.

Material Requirements for Damp Proof Membrane

• 2 nos – 2 roll @ NGN 2,500 each = NGN 5,000

Estimated cost of Damp proof Membrane = NGN 5,000.

Material Requirements for Concrete work / Blinding

Blinding is used to make the soil even so as to receive the blocks or columns. It is a bed with a mixture of cement, sand, and aggregates.

• 74 bags of cement @ NGN 2,650 each = NGN 195,967.50
• 28 tonnes of sand x 2 = NGN 100,000
• 26 tonnes of Granite = NGN 100,000
• We don’t need reinforcements (Iron bars) because the soil is good, firm and dry.
• Liters of water as needed.
• Labour = NGN 36,975

Estimated cost of concrete work / Blinding = NGN 432,942.50.

Material Requirements for Concrete Columns Footing (Foundation Footing)

Our case study has 31 foundation pad footings. Hence, materials are as follows: Some cement bags here would be used for the columns as well.

• 122 bags of cement @ NGN 2,650 each = NGN 323,300
• 45 tonnes of sand @ NGN 3,500 per ton = NGN 157,500
• 42 tonnes of granite @ NGN 3,800 per ton = NGN 159,600
• Labour for casting concrete – NGN 60,900

Estimated cost of Foundation footing = NGN 701,300.

Material Requirements for Concrete Columns Base

• 96 bags of cement @ NGN 2,650 each = NGN 254,400
• 26 tonnes of sand @ NGN 3,500 per ton = NGN 91,000
• 24 tonnes of granite @ NGN 3,800 per ton = NGN 91,200
• 36 nos length – 12mm steel Reinforcements @ NGN 1,700 each = NGN 61,200
• Binding wire (25kg/roll) – NGN 2,565
• Labour for casting concrete – NGN 48,000
• Labour for Iron benders = NGN 18,600

Estimated cost of Column base = NGN 566,965.

Material Requirements for Concrete Columns in Foundation

• 10 bags of cement @ NGN 2,650 each = NGN 26,500
• 3 tonnes of sand @ NGN 3,500 per ton = NGN 10,500
• 2 tonnes of granite @ NGN 3,800 per ton = NGN 7,600
• Labour for casting concrete – NGN 5,000
• 26 nos length – 1″ x 12″ x 3.6m (Plank) @ NGN 1,200.00 each = NGN 31,200
• 1 bag (nos) Nail various Sizes (3″, 4″ & 5″ Sizes) = NGN 6,750.00
• Labour for Carpenter on formwork = NGN 14,000.00
• 15 nos length – 10mm steel Reinforcements @ NGN 1,200 each = NGN 18,000
• 16 nos length – 16mm steel Reinforcements @ NGN 3,000 each = NGN 48,000
• Binding wire (25kg/roll) – NGN 2,565
• Labour for Iron benders = NGN 19,250

Estimated cost of Columns in foundation = NGN 189,365.

Material Requirements for Laying Foundation Blocks

Using 9-inch blocks and laying 4 coaches, you will need

• 19 bags of cement @ NGN 2,650 each = NGN 50,350
• 5 tonnes of sand @ NGN 3,500 per ton = NGN 17,500
• 1180 pieces of 9-inch vibrated blocks (including 10 percent wastage) @ NGN 170 each =
• NGN 200,600
• 24 bags of cement @ NGN 2,650 each = NGN 63,600
• 10 tonnes of sand @ NGN 3,500 per ton = NGN 35,000
• 9 tonnes of granite @ NGN 3,800 per ton = NGN 34,200
• Labour for concrete filling – NGN 5,400
• Labour for blockwork = NGN 47,200

The estimated cost of laying foundation blocks = NGN 453,850.

Material Requirements for Earthwork / Backfilling

Using 9-inch blocks and laying 4 coaches, you will need

• Labour for Backfilling and removal of surplus = NGN 55,250
• 4 nos 10 tyre truck laterite filling @ NGN 15,000 per trip = NGN 60,000
• 4 nos 10 tyre truck Hardcore filling @ NGN 48,000 per trip = NGN 192,000
• Labour for laying of hardcore = NGN 40,000

Estimated cost of backfilling = NGN 347,250.

Material Requirements for Ground Floor Slab

Ground floor slab with mix ratio ( 1 : 2: 4 )

• 204 bags of Cement @ NGN 2,650 each = NGN 540,600
• 54 tons Stone dust @ NGN 3,500 per ton = NGN 190,400
• 51 tons Granite @ NGN 3,800 per ton = NGN 193,800
• Labour for casting NGN 102,000
• 12 nos length – 1″ x 12″ x 3.6m (Plank) @ NGN 1,200 each = NGN 14,400
• 1 bag (Nail various Sizes (3″, 4″ & 5″ Sizes) = NGN 6,750
• Labour Carpenter on formwork = NGN 6,300
• 7 Roll BRC Mesh Ref 142 (15m x 2.1m) @ 12,000 per roll = NGN 84,000

Estimated cost of flooring = NGN 1,138,250.

Total Estimated Cost for this stage = NGN 4,175,695.

Cost of Construction From Damp Proof Course (D.P.C) To Lintel Level

This is the next stage in the construction process and begins where the German floor ends. 

It covers the main block work including wall partitions for the various spaces in the house. The materials listed below are just estimates of what you get in a modest 3-bedroom flat.

Again, ensure you get a Bill of Quantities for your building plan as that’s the only way to know the exact material requirements for your house. This stage ends at the roof level.

Material Requirements for Columns (Ground floor to the First Floor)

Total number of columns is sixty-two (69 nos) and the Columns mix ratio (1: 2: 4)

• 80 bags of Cement @ NGN 2,650 per bag = NGN 212,000
• 21 tons Stone dust @ NGN 3,500 per ton = NGN 73,500
• 20 tons Granite @ NGN 3,800 per ton = NGN 76,000
• Labour for casting Concrete = NGN 40,000.
• 214 nos length 1″ x 12″ x 3.6m (Plank) @ NGN 1,200 = NGN 256,800
• 3 bags Nail various Sizes (3″, 4″ & 5″ Sizes) @ NGN 6,750 per bag = NGN 20,250
• Labour for Carpenter on formwork = NGN 115,500
• 130 nos length 10mm diameter @ NGN 1,185 = NGN 154,050
• 101 nos length 16mm diameter @ NGN 3,019 = NGN 304,919
• Binding Wire (25kg / roll) = NGN 19,035
• Labour for Iron benders on reinforcement = NGN 140,850

Estimated cost of concrete columns for all floors = NGN 1,412,904.

Material Requirements for Beams (Ground floor to the First Floor)

Beams mix ratio (1: 2: 4)

• 113 bags of Cement @ NGN 2,650 per bag = NGN 299,450
• 30 tons Stone dust @ NGN 3,500 per ton = NGN 105,000
• 28 tons Granite @ NGN 3,800 per ton = NGN 106,400
• Labour for casting Concrete = NGN 56,500.
• 247 nos length 1″ x 12″ x 3.6m (Plank) @ NGN 1,200 = NGN 296,400
• 641 nos length 2″ x 3″ x 3.6m (Plank) @ NGN 450 = NGN 288,450
• 257 nos length 2″ x 2″ x 3.6m (Plank) @ NGN 350 = NGN 89,950
• 3 bags Nail various Sizes (3″, 4″ & 5″ Sizes) @ NGN 6,750 per bag = NGN 20,250
• Labour for Carpenter on formwork = NGN 133,575
• 18 nos length 10mm diameter @ NGN 1,185 = NGN 21,330
• 8 nos length 20mm diameter @ NGN 4,760 = NGN 38,080
• 10 nos length 25mm diameter @ NGN 6,800 = NGN 68,000
• 2 rolls Binding Wire (25kg / roll) @ NGN 13,500 each = NGN 27,000
• Labour for Iron benders on reinforcement = NGN 113,450

Estimated cost of concrete beams for all floors = NGN 1,663,835.

Material Requirements and Labour for Blockwork (Ground Floor to the First Floor)

• 9200pcs of 9-inch stone dust vibrated blocks @ NGN 170 = NGN 1,564,000
• 38 ton of sharp sand @ NGN 3,500 per ton = NGN 133,000
• 148 bags of cement @ NGN 2,650 = NGN 392,200
• Labour = NGN 414,000

Estimated cost of block work = NGN 2,503,200.

Material Requirement for Lintel Casting

Lintel mix ratio (1: 2: 4). This cost could be reduced if you employ the use of load-bearing walls during the planning stages.

As a result, your lintel does not have to terminate at columns. However, termination of lintel at columns is safe and efficient practice.

• 42 bags of Cement @ NGN 2,650 per bag = NGN 111,300
• 11 tons stone dust @ NGN 3,500 per ton = NGN 39,200
• 11 tons Granite @ NGN 3,800 = NGN 39,900
• Labour for casting Concrete = NGN 21,000
• 86 nos length 1″ x 12″ x 3.6m (Plank) @ NGN 1,200 = NGN 103,200
• 41 nos length 2” x 3″ x 3.6m @ NGN 450 per length = NGN 18,450
• 45 nos length 2” x 2″ x 3.6m @ NGN 350 = NGN 15,750
• 1 bag Nail various Sizes (3″, 4″ & 5″ Sizes) = NGN 6,750
• Labour Carpenter on formwork = NGN 46,500
• 46 nos length 10mm diameter @ NGN 1,185 = NGN 54,510
• 48 nos length 12mm diameter @ NGN 1,670 = NGN 80,160
• Binding Wire (25kg / roll) = NGN 5,670
• Labour Iron benders on reinforcement = NGN 41,600

Estimated cost of the lintel level = NGN 583,517.50

Estimated Total Cost for this stage = NGN 6,163,456.50.

Cost of First Floor Decking Stage

For this stage, we would require the total floor area in cubic meters since there is a depth to it. The floor is 6 inches (150 mm) thick.

The total cubic meter for the used floor plan is 39.6 cubic meters. Hence, the cost of the reinforced concrete floor slab with ratio 1:2:4 is as follows:

Here you would need the following:

• Bamboo
• Cement
• Sand
• Granite
• Reinforcements
• wood

It is a long process of calculating, but….. I will give you the details.

• 104 bags of Cement @ NGN 2,650 = NGN 275,600
• 28 tons Sharp sand @ NGN 3,500.00 = NGN 98,000
• 26 tons Granite @ NGN 3,800 = NGN 98,800
• Labour for casting Concrete = NGN 52,000
• 184 nos length 1″ x 12″ x 3.6m (Plank) @ NGN 1,200 each = NGN 220,800
• 2465 nos length 2” x 3″ x 3.6m @ NGN 450 each = NGN 1,109,250
• 942 nos length 2” x 2″ x 3.6m @ NGN 350 each = NGN 329,700
• 2 bags Nail various Sizes (3″, 4″ & 5″ Sizes) @ NGN 6,750 = NGN 13,500
• Labour Carpenter on formwork = NGN 99,000
• 50 nos length 10mm diameter @ NGN 1,185 = NGN 59,250
• 81 nos 12mm diameter @ NGN 1,670 = NGN 135,270
• 1 rolls Binding Wire (25kg / roll) @ NGN 13,500 each = NGN 13,500
• Labour Iron benders on reinforcement = NGN 60,325

Estimated Total Cost for this stage = NGN 2,564,995.

Cost of Staircase Stage

For this stage, we would require the total floor area in cubic meters since there is a depth to it. The floor is 6 inches (150mm) thick.

The total cubic meter for the staircase is 3 cubic meters. Hence, the cost of the reinforced concrete floor slab with ratio 1:2:4 is as follows:

Here you would need the following:

• Cement
• Sand
• Granite
• Reinforcements
• wood

Find materials below.

• 13 bags of Cement @ NGN 2,650 each = NGN 34,344
• 3 tons Sharp sand @ NGN 3,500 = NGN 12,096
• 3 tons Granite @ NGN 3,800 = NGN 12,312
• Labour for casting Concrete = NGN 6,480
• 10 nos length 1″ x 12″ x 3.6m (Plank) @ NGN 1,200 each = NGN 12,000
• 240 nos length 2” x 3″ x 3.6m @ NGN 450 each = NGN 108,216
• 119 nos length 2” x 2″ x 3.6m @ NGN 350 each = NGN 41,616.40
• Nail various Sizes (3″, 4″ & 5″ Sizes) = NGN 742.50
• Labour Carpenter on formwork = NGN 5,400
• 31 nos length 12mm diameter @ NGN 1,670 = NGN 51,770
• Binding Wire (25kg / roll) = NGN 2,295
• Labour Iron benders on reinforcement = NGN 16,200

Estimated Total Cost for this stage = NGN 303,471.90.

Cost of Roofing Duplex Stage

The cost of roofing varies greatly with the type of roofing materials and design you choose to use.

The cost given below represents 0.45 mm thick aluminum roofing sheets. The true cost of all stages still remains that shown on the bill of quantity document.

Material Requirements for Roofing

• 320 length of 2 x 3 x 12 wood @ NGN 450 = NGN 144,000
• 45 length of 2 x 6 x 12 @ NGN 840 = NGN 38,250
• 25 length of 1 x 12 x 12 wood @ NGN 1,400 = NGN 35,000
• 1/2 bag of 2-inch nails @ NGN 5,800 = NGN 2,900
• 11/2 bags of 3-inch nails @ NGN 6,000 = NGN 9,000
• 1/2 bag of 4-inch nails @ NGN 6,500 = NGN 3,250
• Aluminium (0.45mm thick) roofing, transportation and Labour = NGN 685,900

Total Estimated Cost for the roofing stage = NGN 918,300.

Cost of Finishing Stage

This stage includes plastering, wiring, plumbing, fixing of windows, doors, tiles, and other essentials.

The cost here varies with respect to the quality of materials you use. Below is an estimate for a very modest finishing.

Material Requirements for Tiling works (Ground – First floor)

• 368 m2 – 450 x450 x10mm thick Vitrified floor tiles @ NGN 2,100 per sqm = NGN 772,800
• 1820 nos Ditto skirting tiles @ NGN 27 = NGN 49,140
• 55 bags of Cement for fixing tiles @ NGN 4,000 = NGN 220,000
• Labour Tiling = NGN 120,000

Material Requirements for Floor Screeding (Ground – First floor)

25 mm screeded bed Cement & Sand (1:4)

• 97 bags of Cement @ NGN 2,650 = NGN 257,050
• 16 tons Stone dust @ NGN 3,500 = NGN 56,000
• Labour for screeding = NGN 176,400

Material Requirements for Wall Plastering (Ground – First floor)

Plastering (wall)

13mm screeded bed Cement & Sand (1:4)

• 191 bags of Cement @ NGN 2,650 = NGN 507,104
• 20 ton Stone dust @ NGN 3,500 per ton = NGN 70,664.83
• Labour for plastering = NGN 831,005

Material Requirements for Wall Tiling (Ground – First floor)

Tiling (wall)

• 2467 nos – 200 x 300 ceramics tiles @ NGN 71 = NGN 175,157
• 26 bags of Cement for fixing tiles @ NGN 4,000.00 = NGN 104,000
• Labour for Tiling = NGN 64,750

Material Requirements for Screeded Backing (Ground – First floor)

Screeded backing (wall)

20 mm screeded bed Cement & Sand (1:6)

• 22 bags of Cement @ NGN 2,650 each = NGN 58,830.00
• 5 ton Sand @ NGN 3,500 = NGN 17,500
• Labour for screeding = NGN 64,750

Material Requirements for Ceiling Works (First floor)

• Woods for nogging, P.O.P Sheets, External wood finishing, P.V.C Boards, Tank nails, etc plus labor = NGN 450,000

Material Requirements for Painting (All floors)

• 26 drums Dulux Emulsion/texcote paint (20Litres Drum) @ NGN 18,600 per drum = NGN 483,600
• Labour for Painting = NGN 184,000

Estimated Total Cost for this stage = NGN 4,521,670.83

Grand Total

• Cost of Foundation Stage = NGN 4,175,695
• Cost of Construction (D.P.C) To Lintel Level (Ground, 1st, 2nd Floor) = NGN 6,163,456.50
• Cost of First Floor Decking Stage = NGN 2,564,995
• Estimated Cost of Staircase Stage = NGN 303,471.90
• Cost of Roofing Stage = NGN 918,300
• Cost of Finishing Stage = NGN 4,521,670.83
• Add lump sum for Electricals, Plumbing, fittings, Septic tank = NGN 5,000,000

= NGN 23,647,589.23

As you can see from the calculations, we arrived at a total cost of building a 4 bedroom duplex which is a little above NGN 23,000,000. This involves just the construction of the 4 bedroom duplex in Nigeria.

The design is a very simple one with an aesthetically conscious approach. 

It depends on the location, other locations can give you N15 million to N20 million.

If you make plans, the cost of building a duplex in Nigeria would be reduced to the barest minimum. All it takes is for you to follow the procedures laid out above.

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